Early sleep duration trajectories and children's cognitive development: a prospective cohort study

Authors：Jixing Zhou, Linlin Zhu, Yuzhu Teng, Juan Tong, Guopeng Gao, Shuangqin Yan, Fangbiao Tao, Kun Huang

Source：Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Sep 22.

DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05195-7.

 

Abstract：We aimed to investigate the association between sleep duration trajectories and cognitive performance in preschool-aged Chinese children. We included 2131 children from the Ma'anshan birth cohort (MABC) study. Sleep duration trajectories from 6 to 48 months of age were determined using the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM). Children's intellectual development was assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence. Compared to those with a medium total sleep duration trajectory, children with a short total sleep duration trajectory had poorer cognitive performance on the Visual Spatial Index (VSI) (β = -3.65; 95% CI = -6.77 to -0.53), which was associated with an increased risk of a low full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ) (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.51). The short total sleep duration trajectory was associated with a low VSI compared with both the medium total sleep duration trajectory and the long total sleep duration trajectory. Compared to children with normal nighttime sleep duration and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories, children with short nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, normal nighttime sleep and long daytime sleep duration trajectories, and short nighttime sleep and normal daytime sleep duration trajectories all had lower cognitive performance. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) also showed that children with and appropriate total sleep duration, an adequate nighttime sleep duration, and a moderate daytime sleep duration had higher FSIQ.

Conclusions:The results of this study emphasize that a medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime, and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.

What is known: Sleep duration in infancy is strongly associated with neurocognitive development.

What is new: Medium and long total sleep duration trajectories are beneficial for children's cognitive performance compared to the short total sleep duration trajectory. • A medium total sleep duration, adequate sleep at nighttime and appropriate sleep in the daytime appear to be more beneficial for children's cognitive development.

Keywords: Children; Cognition; Sleep duration; Trajectory.

 

摘要：我们旨在调查中国学龄前儿童的睡眠持续时间轨迹与认知表现之间的关系。我们纳入了来自马鞍山出生队列（MABC）研究的2131名儿童。使用基于组的轨迹建模（GBTM）确定6至48个月大的睡眠持续时间轨迹。使用韦氏学前班和小学智力量表评估儿童的智力发展。与总睡眠持续时间轨迹中等的儿童相比，总睡眠持续时间轨迹较短的儿童在视觉空间指数（VSI）上的认知表现较差（β = -3.65;95%CI = -6.77至-0.53），这与低满量程智商（FSIQ）的风险增加有关（OR = 1.60;95%CI = 1.02至2.51）。与中等总睡眠持续时间轨迹和长总睡眠持续时间轨迹相比，短总睡眠持续时间轨迹与低 VSI 相关。与夜间睡眠持续时间正常、白天睡眠轨迹正常的患儿相比，夜间睡眠时间短、日间睡眠轨迹长、夜间睡眠轨迹正常、日间睡眠轨迹长、夜间睡眠时间短、日间睡眠轨迹正常的儿童认知能力均较低。限制三次样条（RCS）还显示，具有适当总睡眠时间、足够的夜间睡眠时间和适度的白天睡眠时间的儿童具有较高的FSIQ。

结论：这项研究的结果强调，中等的总睡眠时间、夜间充足的睡眠和白天的适当睡眠似乎更有利于儿童的认知发展。

已知内容：婴儿期的睡眠时间与神经认知发育密切相关。

更新内容：与短总睡眠持续时间轨迹相比，中长总睡眠持续时间轨迹有利于儿童的认知表现。中等的总睡眠时间，夜间充足的睡眠和白天的适当睡眠似乎更有利于儿童的认知发展

关键词： 儿童;认知;睡眠时间;轨迹。